The Madhya Pradesh Professional Examination Board was initially set-up as Pre  Medical Test Board by Government of Madhya Pradesh in the year 1970.

Later, in the year 1981, Pre Engineering  Board was  constituted. Soon after, in the year 1982 both these  Boards were  amalgamated and  named as Professional  Examination Board (P.E.B.). Professional Examination Board by Govt. Order No.1325-1717-42-82 dated 17.04.1982 has been assigned  the  responsibility of conducting entrance  tests  for  admission to various  colleges in the state. P.E.B. presently organizes the following entrance tests:

The Madhya Pradesh Professional Examination Board is a self-financed, autonomous incorporated body of State Govt. The Government has re constituted the Board of Directors for taking decisions on policy and organizational matters through Madhya Pradesh Professional Examination Board Act. 2007. 

The Board is a body corporate by the name of the Madhya Pradesh Professional Examination Board and has perpetual succession and a common seal with power to acquire and hold property both movable and immovable and has the power to transfer any property held by it and to contract and do all other things necessary for the its constitution and may sue or sued in its corporate name.  At the apex of the Board is the Chairman, an officer of the rank of Chief Secretary to Govt. of Madhya Pradesh. The Director of the Board is generally a senior Principal, Engineering College; the Controller of the Board is generally a college Professor of an Engineering College. Besides these, Board has one Finance Officer, three Joint Controllers, four Deputy Controllers, One Senior System Analyst, One Accounts Officer, Four Assistant Controllers and One System Analyst who spearhead the various activities.